Capacitors are two-terminal electrical components designed for numerous functions, such as filtering, energy storage and voltage spike suppression
Capacitor are built to have a specific amount of capacitance. This tells you how much charge it can store. They are composed of two conductive plates (or electrodes) separated by an insulating material known as the dielectric. Capacitors also come in a variety of shapes, sizes, materials and types depending on their intended use. There are many way to classify capacitors, however most common is categorization by the core materials used in the electrodes and/or dielectric. This includes, ceramic capacitors, tantalum capacitors, polymer capacitors, aluminum electrolytic capacitors, etc.